yle=“margin-top: 12pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;“> yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 14pt;“>养牛棚建设yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 14pt;“>
yle=“margin-top: 12pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;“> yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>一、场址选择yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>
yle=“margin-top: 12pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;“> yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>场址应选择在地势高燥、平坦、避风向阳、水质条件好，远离污染源、国道、闹市区，无遮挡物较为开阔的地方。单列式四季牛棚以东西走向为主，牛棚场地应比地面高出30cm，以利排水。yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>
yle=“margin-top: 12pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;“> yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>二、牛棚的建筑与材料yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>
yle=“margin-top: 12pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;“> yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>现将以适于小型规模饲养场或养殖大户使用的单列式牛棚为例，牛棚以东西走向为主，在西墙yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>部留门（1mX1.75m），供人员、清粪车出入。冬季东北风多，留西门便于保温。牛棚南北跨度6.5m，yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>面用砖砌高40cm的墙并留有活动式进气也数个，yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>墙向里2.5m处架高为2.5m的yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>梁，在后墙处架高为2m的后梁，不砌后墙，yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>后梁之间用棚檩和苇板连接固定。在东西山墙棚顶下方20cm处留活动式出气孔（20cmX20cm）各2个，畜床宽为4m，牛头南尾北。从yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>梁到yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>墙用棚杆连接，外用活动式棉帘、暖膜及水笼布覆盖，并注意压实，以防暖膜被风吹起损坏，后墙只用棉帘和水笼布挂在后梁上即可。牛棚长度根据以馒头牛数量而定，以每头牛长1.5m为宜。yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>
yle=“margin-top: 12pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;“> yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>冬天，yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>后覆盖棉帘、暖膜和水笼布，晴天把yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>面水笼布掀开露出暖膜增加光照，阴雨天气时则把水笼布盖好，根据棚内温度、湿度、有害气体浓度调整进、出气孔，使棚内温度控制在10℃以上。夏天把后墙棉帘和水笼布全部掀开，把yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>面暖膜卷起固定在yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>是yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>梁上，只中午时盖上2层水笼布用于遮挡直射阳光，棚顶可安装照明设备。yle=“font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;“>
